Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a long-term autoimmune condition in which the body’s immune system mistakenly targets its own joint tissues, primarily the synovial membrane — the lining of joints. This immune attack leads to persistent inflammation, thickening of the joint lining, and progressive damage to cartilage and bone. Unlike osteoarthritis, which is caused by wear and tear, RA is systemic and inflammatory, often affecting joints on both sides of the body symmetrically — commonly the fingers, wrists, elbows, shoulders, knees, and ankles. Over time, RA can lead to joint deformity, reduced mobility, chronic fatigue, and even complications in other organs if left untreated. Early diagnosis and holistic intervention are key to slowing progression and preserving joint function.